In August 1861, a part of the Union in Colorado forced a Confederate force at Glorieta Pass to turn back. Union volunteers defeated forces at Pichaco Pass. In mid 1861, Confederates attempted to seize St. Louis but failed and fell back to Pea Ridge. In March 1862, the Confederates attacked again, but this time they had the help of some 800 Cherokee. The Native Americans hoped that the Confederates would give them more freedom then the Union. The Union forces won the Battle of Pea Ridge.